{"id":1668,"date":"2012-04-14T16:03:12","date_gmt":"2012-04-14T16:03:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/crowle.org\/?p=1668"},"modified":"2016-01-03T20:39:35","modified_gmt":"2016-01-03T20:39:35","slug":"pre-enclosure-field-names-in-crowle-and-ealand","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/crowle.org\/?p=1668","title":{"rendered":"Pre-Enclosure Field Names in Crowle and Ealand"},"content":{"rendered":"

High Breaking Whong and Caugars are but two of the names given to areas of land in the Manorial Plan and Survey of 1738.<\/p>\n

The 1738 Manorial Plan and Survey give an excellent insight into the fields at Crowle pre-enclosure.<\/p>\n

The open field system had been the method of farming since medieval times. The large open fields were split up into strip which were farmed by different people. The land was owned, mostly as Copyhold, thought some, the Demesne Lands, were owned by the Lord of the Manor \u00a0and rented out. A very small amount of land in Crowle in 1738 was freehold.<\/p>\n

The two large open fields were subdivided into smaller sections which were referred to as Furlongs and each of these furlongs consisted of a number of strips — all varying in length and width. In the survey the owner for each strip is indicated with its area and the rent due to the Manor of Crowle.<\/p>\n

In the survey each of the Furlongs is referred to by a different name. The spellings of the different furlongs varies from source to source. I have used the spellings from the Terrier – the book that lists each of the strips in numerical order.<\/p>\n

Are there any areas still referred to by the original furlongs names? I suspect not, as in 1822 once the enclosure awards were completed the open fields were completely enclosed – though I note that on the enclosure plan Field Road is labelled as Caugars Road, which harks back to the original furlong name on the 1738 manorial survey.<\/p>\n

In addition to the open fields there were a large number of enclosed fields which were referred to as \u00a0Closes – a separate Post is being prepared to look at these.<\/p>\n

Crowle Field including Havery Croft\u00a0\u2013\u00a0530 acres -930 strips divided into 45\u00a0furlongs varying in size from 4 strips to\u00a0108.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Interesting furlong names include;<\/div>\n
Cougars Furlong\u00a0\u2013 possibly a personal\u00a0name relating to the Caulking of boats.<\/div>\n
Furlong\u00a0East\u00a0side\u00a0Gallows\u00a0Tree<\/div>\n
Haghars\u00a0Cross\u00a0Furlong\u00a0– possibly a\u00a0personal name referring to occupation of\u00a0a\u00a0hedger\u00a0(OE\u00a0haha\u00a0\u2018hedge\u2019)<\/div>\n
High\u00a0Breaking\u00a0Whong\u00a0Furlong\u00a0–\u00a0Whong is from Old Norse vangr \u2018an in-\u00a0field, an enclosed part of an in-field\u2019.\u00a0Possibly \u201cbreaking\u201d could indicate ON\u00a0brekky\u00a0\u2018a\u00a0slope\u2019.<\/div>\n
Seven\u00a0Lands\u00a0Furlong \u2013\u00a0land is another\u00a0term for a field strip so this is a furlong of\u00a0only\u00a07\u00a0strips.<\/div>\n
Swallow\u00a0Hurn\u00a0Furlong<\/div>\n
Tenters\u00a0Furlong\u00a0\u2013 This might indicate\u00a0that this was where cloth was hung out to\u00a0dry.<\/div>\n
Riggs\u00a0Furlong\u00a0\u2013 the largest furlongs\u00a0located on the North Side of Eastoft\u00a0Road.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Ealand Great Field, incl. Takes Field\u00a0\u2013 102 acres \u2013 divided into 13 furlongs –\u00a0202 strips.<\/div>\n
Interesting furlong names include;<\/div>\n
Lidgat\u00a0Lands\u00a0\u2013 Lidyate, A gate at the\u00a0entrance of a village used to prevent\u00a0cattle from straying into the open-fields<\/div>\n
Orchard\u00a0end\u00a0Lands<\/div>\n
Thakes\u00a0Field\u00a0\u2013 This outlying part of the\u00a0open field is remembered by Hakes\u00a0Lane.<\/div>\n
The\u00a0Half-penny\u00a0Butts\u00a0by\u00a0Green\u00a0Hill<\/div>\n
The\u00a0Scuttuck\u00a0Furlong\u00a0– Scuttock is a\u00a0dialect word for the guillemot.<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Field<\/strong><\/td>\nFurlong<\/strong><\/td>\nNumber of Strips<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Crowle Field<\/strong><\/td>\nBuits Furlong<\/td>\n31<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nBy Dunlings Croft<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nCaugars Furlong<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nDucar Butts Furlong<\/td>\n9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nFour Parcels into the Pits<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nFurlong butting on the furlong at Carr Lane end<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nFurlong by the Townside<\/td>\n57<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nFurlong on the East side Gallows Tree<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nFurlong shooting on the Gravel Pit<\/td>\n13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nHaghars Cross Furlong<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nHall mere Furrows Furlong<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nHigh Breaking Whong Furlong<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nHollow Crofts Furlong<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nLong Tuft Furlong<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nLow Breaking Whong Furlong<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nLow Field Furlong<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nLow Field Great Furlong<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nMiddle Furlong<\/td>\n26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nMuck Thorne Furlong<\/td>\n21<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nNorth side Pithole<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nNudswell Furlong<\/td>\n34<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nRinglands Furlong<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nRinglands Lease<\/td>\n29<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nSeven Lands Furlong<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nShort furlong on the East side Seven Lands<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nShort Tufts Furlong<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nSwallow Hurn Furlong<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nSwarth Furrow Furlong<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nTenters Furlong<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Cartgate Mere Furlong<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Furlong at Carr Lane End<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Furlong behind Clarks Close<\/td>\n21<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Furlong below Foster Close<\/td>\n11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Furlong butting on the Leases<\/td>\n13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Furlong called Hoult Lane Leases<\/td>\n9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Furlong Called the Red Cliff<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Furlong called the Riggs<\/td>\n108<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Furlong on the South side the Cliff<\/td>\n83<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Furlong Shooting on Gravell Pitt<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Furlong South side Mill Road<\/td>\n23<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Green Hill Furlong<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Houts under the Hail<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Little Furlong by Clarks Corner<\/td>\n14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nWhitton Bark Furlong<\/td>\n37<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Total Crowle Field<\/strong><\/td>\n
\n<\/strong><\/td>\n		930<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ealand Great Field<\/strong><\/td>\nGarth end Lands<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nLidgat Lands<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nLower Furlong<\/td>\n23<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nLower Short Furlong<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nNorth Tofts Field<\/td>\n13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nOrchard end Lands<\/td>\n32<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nOrchard end Lands \u2013 This piece also called the Butts<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThakes Field<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Field called New Close<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Half-penny Butts by Green Hill<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Scuttuck Furlong<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nThe Style Hill<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nUpper Short Furlong<\/td>\n44<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Total Ealand Great Field<\/strong><\/td>\n
\n<\/strong><\/td>\n		202<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Edward Peacock’s “Glossary of Words Used in the Wappentakes of manley and Corringham, Lincolnshire” (Published by the the English Dialect Society, 1889) provides some exlanation for the terms used in the names of furlongs.<\/p>\n

Butt-hills<\/strong>\u00a0– Mounds which have been used for butts in archery.<\/p>\n

Butts<\/strong> – The ends of ridges in an open field which abutted on other ridges that were at right angles to them.<\/p>\n

Close <\/strong>– As enclosure, whether grass or under plough, as distinguished from a field, which is unenclosed land under plough.<\/p>\n

Croft<\/strong>\u00a0– A small plot of enclosed land adjoining a homestead.<\/p>\n

Field <\/strong>– The correct meaning of this is unenclosed land under plough.<\/p>\n

F<\/strong>urlong – <\/strong>(1) The boundary upon which the separate lots abut in an open field.
\n(2) The separate lots in an unenclosed field.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Gare, Gareing <\/strong>– A term used in ploughing to denote a triangular piece of ground in a field or close which has to be ploughed with furrows of differing length.<\/p>\n

Hale <\/strong>– (1) A gareing in an enclosure or open field, that is an angular piece that has to be ploughed separately.
\n(2) A bank or strip of grass which separates two persons’ land in an open field<\/p>\n

Headland – <\/strong>The part of an open field or enclosure where the horses turn round, and which is consequently ploughed the last and in transverse direction to the rest of the land. In open fields these headlands are often boundaries of property, and therefore headland is sometimes, though rarely, used as an equivalent for boundary.<\/p>\n

Home-yard, Home Close, Home field – <\/strong>A croft, garden, paddock or grass close near a homestead.<\/p>\n

Ley, Leases – <\/strong>Unenclosed grass land. It seems to mean land that has once been ploughed and afterwards laid down to grass.<\/p>\n

Lidyate – <\/strong>A gate between ploughed land and meadow, or pasture and meadow, in an open field. A gate at the entrance of a village used to hinder cattle from straying from the unenclosed fields or commons amongst the houses.<\/p>\n

Meer<\/strong> – A mark or boundary of any kind between one person’s land and another’s or between one manor, parish, or township and another.<\/p>\n

Piece <\/strong>– (4) A portion of land in an open field, sometimes a small enclosure.<\/p>\n

Pinder <\/strong>– A manorial or parochial officer whose duty it is to empound cattle.<\/p>\n

Stinted – <\/strong>A common is said to be stinted when the manor court has put a limit to the number of cattle which may be depastured on the common by each common-right holder.<\/p>\n

Swathe – <\/strong>(1) The width covered by a scythe in mowing.
\n(2) The row or stretch of grass or corn left by the mower.
\n(3) A measure of grass land in open pasture. Such a piece is commonly 6.5 feet wide.<\/p>\n

Toft, Toftstead – <\/strong>\u00a0A piece of land on which a cottage, having a common-right, stands or has stood.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

High Breaking Whong and Caugars are but two of the names given to areas of land in the Manorial Plan and Survey of 1738. The 1738 Manorial Plan and Survey give an excellent insight into the fields at Crowle pre-enclosure. The open field system had been the method of farming since medieval times. The large […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":159,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1668","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/crowle.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1668","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/crowle.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/crowle.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crowle.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/159"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crowle.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1668"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/crowle.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1668\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4032,"href":"https:\/\/crowle.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1668\/revisions\/4032"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/crowle.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1668"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crowle.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1668"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crowle.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1668"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}